Excessive and overuse of antibiotics can contribute significantly to antibiotic resistance. This serious issue has posed a challenge for medical providers to effectively treat regularly acquired infections and diseases. This public health matter has prompted collaborative efforts with organizations to promote antibiotic stewardship programs for the neonatal population through standardization of protocols and evidence-based processes to reduce misuse. 

The rise of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) has prompted national multi-disciplinary and multi-organizational action to appropriately and adequately manage the care and treatment of newborns exposed to opioids during the prenatal period. Program tools include risk assessment protocols to assist with identifying substance use by mothers during pregnancy, assessment of the neonate, and timely implementation of treatment plans to reduce severe health consequences.